Biochemistry

Berg, Jeremy M.; Tymoczko, John L.; Gatto, Jr., Gregory J.; Stryer, Lubert

8 ed.

New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 2015

p. 29

However, there is evidence that L amino acids are slightly more soluble than a racemic mixture of D and L amino acids, which tend to form crystals.

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p. 29

With four different groups connected to the tetrahedral xalfax-carbon atom, xalfax-amino acids are chiral: they may exist in one or the other of two mirror-image forms, called the L isomer and the D isomer (Figure 2.4).

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p. 1018

However, treatment of actin filaments with myosin S1 fragments in the absence of ATP results in a complex referred to as decorated actin for which the structure has been determined by cryoelectron microscopy to a resolution of 13 xangstrommx.

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p. 20

In many cases, the roles of these chemicals were first revealed through investigation of deficiency disorders observed in people who do not take in a sufficient quantity of a particular vitamin or trace element.

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p. 425

An important general principle of metabolism is that biosynthetic and degradative pathways are almost always distinct.

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p. 684

A specific sequence of amino acids, termed a degron, indicates that a protein should be degraded.

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p. 828

The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans illustrates the extraordinary power of DNA repair systems.

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p. 456

The reaction of methyl glyoxal with a biomolecule is an example of deleterious reactions called advanced glycation end products, discussed earlier (AGEs, Section 11.1).

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p. 50

Anfinsen then made the critical observation that the denatured ribonuclease, freed of urea and xbetax-mercaptoethanol by dialysis (Section 3.1), slowly regained enzymatic activity.

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p. 108

Another nucleotide is deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate (3'-dGMP; Figure 4,6).

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p. 117

1. The reaction requires all four activated precursors--that is, the deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates dATP, dGTP, dCTP, and TTP--as well as Mg²⁺ ion.

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p. 829-830

One metal ion binds both the deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) and the 3'-hydroxyl group of the primer, whereas the other interacts only with the dNTP (Figure 28.5).

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p. 140

DNA strands, like polypeptides (Section 3.4), can be synthesized by the sequential addition of activated monomers to a growing chain that is linked to a solid suport. The activated monomers are protected deoxyribonucleoside 3'-phosphoramidites.

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p. 849

Deoxyribose phosphodiesterase excises the residual deoxyribose phosphate unit, and DNA polymerase I inserts an undamaged nucleotide, as dictated by the base on the undamaged complementary strand.

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p. 152

Designer genes. Novel proteins can also be created by splicing together gene segments that encode domains that are not associated in nature.

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p. 299

5. Many developmental process are controlled by the activation of zymogens.

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p. 768

Phosphatidate can also be synthesized from diacylglycerol (DAG), in what is essentially a salvage pathway, by the action of diacylglycerol kinase: [...].

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p. 276

One such domain, that from the soil-living amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, an organism that has been extremely useful for studying cell movement and molecular-motor proteins, has been studied in great detail.

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p. 807

Dieting is used to combat obesity

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p. 231

This rate cannot be faster than the diffusion-controlled encounter of an enzyme and its substrate.

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p. 915

EF2 contains diphthamide, an unusual amino acid residue that enhances the fidelity of codon shifting during translocation.

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p. 143

The tools for recombinant DNA technology have been used to identify disease-causing mutations

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p. 853

To accomplish the exchange, the single-stranded DNA displaces one of the strands of the double helix (Figure 28.44). The resulting three-stranded structure is called a displacement loop or D-loop.

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p. 121

RNA polymerase requires the following components: [...] 3. A divalent metal ion. Either Mg²⁺ or Mn²⁺ is effective.

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p. 853

To accomplish the exchange, the single-stranded DNA displaces one of the strands of the double helix (Figure 28.44). The resulting three-stranded structure is called a displacement loop or D-loop.

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p. 844

The binding of PCNA to DNA polymerase xdeltax renders the enzyme highly processive and suitable for long stretches of replication.

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p. 927

FIGURE 31.4 DNA recognition through xbetax strands.

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p. 141

These three stepsxguiollargxstrand separation, hybridization of primers, and DNA synthesisxguiollargxconstitute one cycle of the PCR amplification and can be carried out repetitively just by changing the temperature of the reaction mixture.

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p. 949

Steroids and related hydrophobic molecules pass through membranes and bind to DNA-binding receptors

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p. 945

A range of DNA-binding structures are employed by eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins

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p. 829-830

One metal ion binds both the deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) and the 3'-hydroxyl group of the primer, whereas the other interacts only with the dNTP (Figure 28.5).

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p. 985

The docking mode of a T-cell receptor to the peptide bound to MHC is similar for all structures.

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p. 374

FIGURE 13.7 Domain arrangement of ABC transporters.

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p. 1042

Dopamine D2 receptors are the targets of many other psychoactive drugs.

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p. 901

These complementary pairs of sites function as a double sieve to ensure very high fidelity.

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p. 1052

In a double-blinded study, neither the subjects nor the researchers know which subjects are in the treatment group and which are in the control group.

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p. 849

Alternative mechanisms of double-stranded-break repair can operate if an intact stretch of double-stranded DNA with an identical or very similar sequence is present in the cell.

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p. 874

A third element, the downstream core promoter element (DPE), is commonly found in conjunction with the Inr in transcripts that lack the TATA box.

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p. 874

A third element, the downstream core promoter element (DPE), is commonly found in conjunction with the Inr in transcripts that lack the TATA box.

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p. 755

Thymidylate synthase catalyzes this finishing touch: deoxyuridylate (dUMP) is methylated to thymidylate (TMP).

El sinònim no és neològic.

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