Microbe

Biochemistry

Berg, Jeremy M.; Tymoczko, John L.; Gatto, Jr., Gregory J.; Stryer, Lubert

8 ed.

New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 2015

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  

 36 termes

magnesium ion-binding site  n.

p. 272

FIGURE 9.34 A magnesium ion-binding site in EcoRV endonuclease.


major histocompatibility complex protein  n. (MHC protein)

p. 995

Major-Histocompatibility-Complex Proteins Present Peptide Antigens on Cell Surfaces for Recognition by T-Cell Receptors


major histocompatible complex  n. (MHC)

p. 984

Some of the internal proteins are broken into peptides, which are then bound to a complex of integral membrane proteins encoded by the major histocompatible complex (MHC).

El sinònim no és neològic.


MALDI-TOF  n.

p. 86

A comparison with the calculated values of 5733.9 and 18,388 reveals that MALDI-TOF is clearly an accurate means of determining protein mass.


MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer  n.

p. 86

Consider an example of a MALDI ion source coupled to a TOF mass analyser: the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer (Figure 3.27).


MALDI-TOF mass spectrum  n.

p. 86

In Figure 3.28, the MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of a mixture of 5 pmol each of insulin and lactoglobulin is shown.


malic enzyme  n.

p. 667

Second, malate is oxidatively decarboxylated by an NADP+-linked malate enzyme (also called malic enzyme).


malonyl transacylase  n.

p. 663

The elongation phase of fatty acid synthesis starts with the formation of acetyl ACP and malonyl ACP. Acetyl transacylase and malonyl transacylase catalyze these reactions.


malonyl/acetyl transacylase  n. (MAT)

p. 664

An elongation cycle begins when malonyl/acetyl transacylase (MAT) moves an acetyl unit from coenzyme A to the acyl carrier protein (ACP).

El sinònim no és neològic.


mammalian liver homogenate  n.

p. 852

A key feature of this detection system is the inclusion of a mammalian liver homogenate.


manganese center  n.

p. 574

P680+, a very strong oxidant, extracts electrons from water molecules bound at the water-oxidizing complex (WOC), also called the manganese center.


mannose 6-phosphate receptor  n.

p. 334

Under normal circumstances, the mannose 6-phosphate receptor, a lectin, binds the enzymes in the Golgi apparatus and directs them to the lysosome.


matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization  n.

p. 85

However, the development of techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) has enabled the clearing of this significant hurdle.


megasynthase  n.

p. 670

The mammalian multifunctional fatty acid synthase is a member of a large family of complex enzymes termed megasynthases that participate in step-by-step synthetic pathways.


membrane surface  n.

p. 353

Embedding part of a protein in a membrane can link the protein to the membrane surface.


membrane-spanning xalfax helix  n.

p. 352

Membrane-spanning xalfax helices are the most common structural motif in membrane proteins.


memory B cell  n.

p. 1006

At the cellular level, memory arises because positively selected B cells and T cells that have a high affinity for their target persist within the organism as memory B cells and memory T cells.


memory T cell  n.

p. 1006

At the cellular level, memory arises because positively selected B cells and T cells that have a high affinity for their target persist within the organism as memory B cells and memory T cells.


metabolic derangement  n.

p. 812

Metabolic derangements in type 1 diabetes result from insulin insufficiency and glucagon excess


metamorphic protein  n.

p. 55

Another class of proteins that do not adhere to the paradigm is metamorphic proteins.


MHC protein  n. (major histocompatible complex protein)

p. 996

MHC proteins embedded in the plasma membrane tenaciously grip their bound peptides so that they can be touched and scrutinized by T-cell receptors on the surface of a killer cell.


Michaelis-Menten model  n.

p. 225

8,4 The Michaelis-Menten Model Accounts for the Kinetic Properties of Many Enzymes


minor-groove interaction  n.

p. 830

FIGURE 28.7 Minor-groove interactions. DNA polymerases donate two hydrogen bonds to base pairs in the minor groove. Hydrogen-bond acceptors are present in these two positions for all Watson-Crick base pairs, including the A-T base pair shown.


minor-groove side  n.

p. 830

First, residues of the enzyme form hydrogen bonds with the minor-groove side of the base pair in the active site (Figure 28.7).


mitochondrial ATP-ADP translocase  n.

p. 551

FIGURE 18.37 Mechanism of mitochondrial ATP-ADP translocase. The translocase catalyzes the coupled entry of ADP into the matric and the exit of ATP from it.


mitochondrial biogenesis  n.

p. 813

Mitochondrial biogenesis is stimulated by muscular activity


mitochondrial mutant  n.

p. 557

Because the maternally inherited mitochondria are present in large numbers and not all of the mitochondria may be affected, the pathologies of mitochondrial mutants con be quite complex.


mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization  n. (MOMP)

p. 557-558

Although the details have not yet been established, the outer membrane of damaged mitochondria becomes highly permeable, a process referred to as mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP).


molecular heterogeneity  n.

p. 242

Figure 8.34A shows an enzyme that displays molecular heterogeneity, with three active forms that catalyze the same reaction but at different rates.


molecular-imaging agent  n.

p. 406

These molecular-imaging agents are greatly enhancing our understanding of signal-transduction processes.


Moloney murine leukemia virus  n.

p. 159

Foreign genes have been efficiently introduced into mammalian cells by infecting them with vectors derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus, a retrovirus which can accept inserts as long as 6 kb.


MOMP  n. (mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization)

p. 557-558

Although the details have not yet been established, the outer membrane of damaged mitochondria becomes highly permeable, a process referred to as mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP).


multiple covalent bond  n.

p. 7

More than one electron pair can be shared between two atoms to form a multiple covalent bond.


multiple weak attraction  n.

p. 224

Substrates are bound to enzymes by multiple weak attractions.


muscle-relaxation pathway  n.

p. 1043

FIGURE 36.17 Muscle-relaxation pathway. Increases in nitric oxide levels stimulate guanylate cyclase, which produces cGMP.


myogenin  n.

p. 160

When both copies of the gene for the regulatory protein myogenin are disrupted, an animal dies at birth because it lacks functional skeletal muscle.