Microbe

Biochemistry

Berg, Jeremy M.; Tymoczko, John L.; Gatto, Jr., Gregory J.; Stryer, Lubert

8 ed.

New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 2015

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  

 29 termes

L amino acid  n.

p. 29

However, there is evidence that L amino acids are slightly more soluble than a racemic mixture of D and L amino acids, which tend to form crystals.
L isomer  n.

p. 29

With four different groups connected to the tetrahedral xalfax-carbon atom, xalfax-amino acids are chiral: they may exist in one or the other of two mirror-image forms, called the L isomer and the D isomer (Figure 2.4).
lactonase  n.

p. 602

The next step is the hydrolysis of 6-phosphoglucono-xdeltax-lactone by a specific lactonase to give 6-phosphogluconate.
LDL release  n.

p. 785

Mutations in the LDL receptor prevent LDL release and result in receptor destruction
leader peptide sequence  n.

p. 936

In each case, an abundance of one amino acid in the leader peptide sequence leads to attenuation.
leptin resistance  n.

p. 806

Leptin resistance may be a contributing factor to obesity
leukocyte antigen A2  n. (HLA-A2)

p. 996

The three-dimensional structure of a large extracellular fragment of a human MHC class I protein, human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2), was solved in 1987 by Don Wiley and Pamela Bjorkman.
lever arm  n.

p. 1015

The long helix that binds the light chain (hereafter referred to as the lever arm) protrudes outward from the head domain.
Levinthal's paradox  n.

p. 53

The enormous difference between calculated and actual folding times is called Levinthal's paradox.
LHON  n. (Leber hereditary optic neuropathy)

p. 557

The first mitochondrial disease to be understood was Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a form of blindness that strikes in midlife as a result of mutations in Complex I.

El sinònim no és neològic.
ligand binding  n.

p. 950

However, experiments with purified nuclear hormone receptors revealed that ligand binding does not significantly alter DNA-binding affinity and specificity.
ligand-gated channel  n.

p. 386

The acetylcholine receptor is the best-understood ligand-gated channel.
light energy  n.

p. 566

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy
light-harvesting complex  n.

p. 583

The accessory pigments are arranged in numerous light-harvesting complexes that completely surround the reaction center (Figure 19.29).
light-independent reaction  n.

p. 566

The dark reactions are also called the Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions and will be discussed in Chapter 20.
lipid droplet  n.

p. 645

Droplets of triacylglycerol coalesce to forma a large globule, called a lipid droplet, which may occupy most of the cell volume (Figure 22.1).
lipid metabolism  n.

p. 775

Phosphatidic acid phosphatase is a key regulatory enzyme in lipid metabolism
lipid synthesis  n.

p. 768

Lipid synthesis requires the coordinated action of gluconeogenesis and fatty acid metabolism, as illustrated in Figure 26.1.
Lipinski's rule  n.

p. 1037

Morphine, for example, satisfies all of Lipinski's rules and has moderate bioavailability (Figure 36.7).
liver-glycogen metabolism  n.

p. 636

FIGURE 21.23 Blood glucose regulates liver-glycogen metabolism.
L-lectin  n.

p. 335

Another large class of lectins comprises the L-lectins. These lectins are especially rich in the seeds of leguminous plants, and many of the initial biochemical characterizations of lectins were performed on this readily available lectin.
low-carbohydrate diet  n.

p. 807

Low-carbohydrate diets usually emphasize protein consumption.
low-fat diet  n.

p. 807

In general, two categories of diet try to help us control our caloric intakexguiollargxlow-carbohydrate diets and low-fat diets.
LQTS  n. (long QT syndrome)

p. 388

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic disorder in which the recovery of the action potential from its peak potential to the resting equilibrium potential is delayed.

El sinònim no és neològic.
LRR  n. (leucine-rich repeat)

p. 982

Each receptor consists of a large extracellular domain built primarily from repeated amino acid sequences termed leucine-rich repeats (LRRs).

El sinònim no és neològic.
LuxR  n.

p. 934

V. fischeri cells express a DNA-binding protein LuxR that serves as the receptor for the autoinducer.
lymphotactin  n.

p. 55

Lymphotactin exists in two very different structures that are in equilibrium (Figure 2.61).
Lynch syndrome  n.

p. 851

Defects in other repair systems can increase the frequency of other tumors. For example, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, or Lynch syndrome) results from defective DNA mismatch repair.
lysogenic pathway  n.

p. 146

In the lysogenic pathway, the phage DNA becomes inserted into the host-cell genome and can be replicated together with host-cell DNA form many generations, remaining inactive.